doctrine$22468$ - translation to greek
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doctrine$22468$ - translation to greek

Doctrine of Indivisibility; Indivisibility Doctrine; Indivisibility doctrine

doctrine      
n. δόγμα, θεωρία
Monroe Doctrine         
  • American poses with dead [[Haiti]]an revolutionaries killed by US Marine machine gun fire, 1915.
  • Battle of Tampico]] in 1829
  • The U.S.-supported Nicaraguan [[contras]]
  • 1903 cartoon: ''"Go Away, Little Man, and Don't Bother Me".'' President Roosevelt intimidating [[Colombia]] to acquire the [[Panama Canal Zone]].
  • The [[Chilean Declaration of Independence]] on 18 February 1818
  • French intervention in Mexico]], 1861–1867
  • Gillam]]'s 1896 political cartoon, [[Uncle Sam]] stands with rifle between the Europeans and Latin Americans
  • President Cleveland twisting the tail of the British Lion; cartoon in ''Puck'' by J.S. Pughe, 1895
  • [[Spanish–American War]], the result of U.S. intervention in the [[Cuban War of Independence]]
US FOREIGN POLICY REGARDING LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES IN 1823
Monroe doctrine; Big sister policy; Noncolonization; America for the Americans; Monre doctrine; Munro Doctrine; Munroe Doctrine; Monroe Doctorine; The Monroe Doctrine; Big Brother policy; Monroe Doctrine (United States); Monroe doctrin; Monroe Doctrine (Cold War); Monroe Doctrine during the Cold War
n. δόγμα του μονρόε
at will         
  • U.S. states (pink) with a covenant-of-good-faith-and-fair-dealing exception
  • U.S. states (pink) with an implied-contract exception
  • U.S. states (pink) with a public policy exception
TERM USED IN U.S. LABOR LAW
At will; At-will; At will employment; At-will hiring/firing; Employment at will; At-will employees; At-will employee; Employment-at-will doctrine; At-will doctrine; At will employer; Employment-at-will
κατά βούληση

Definition

cy pres doctrine
n. (see-pray doctrine) from French, meaning "as close as possible." When a gift is made by will or trust (usually for charitable or educational purposes), and the named recipient of the gift does not exist, has dissolved or no longer conducts the activity for which the gift is made, then the estate or trustee must make the gift to an organization which comes closest to fulfilling the purpose of the gift. Sometimes this results in heated court disputes in which a judge must determine the appropriate substitute to receive the gift. Example: dozens of local Societies for Protection of Cruelty to Animals contested for a gift which was made without designating which chapter would receive the benefits. The judge wisely divided up the money among several S.P.C.A. chapters.

Wikipedia

Doctrine of indivisibility

The doctrine of indivisibility (or indivisibility doctrine) was a legal doctrine in United States copyright law, which held that a copyright was a single, indivisible right that its owner could only assign as a whole. The doctrine was founded upon the policy concern that a defendant alleged to have infringed a single work might find himself facing claims from multiple plaintiffs, all claiming copyright in that same work. Despite the indivisibility doctrine, a copyright holder could still effectively assign certain rights. The assignees of those rights were held to be "mere licensees."

This doctrine could yield a harsh result for an exclusive licensee in a work. If a third party infringed the work, the copyright holder had no motivation to file suit---the work was no longer marketable. So courts allowed exclusive licensees to compulsively join the copyright holder as a plaintiff in such suits. Non-exclusive licensees could not forcefully join copyright holders, on the theory that in those cases, the work was still marketable and the copyright holder therefore had an interest in protecting his rights.

In the case Goodis v. United Artists Television, Inc., 425 F.2d 397, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit held that the doctrine of indivisibility could not operate to wholly deprive an author of his copyright when a "mere licensee" secured a copyright in a collective work but the author never secured a separate copyright on his own.

The doctrine of indivisibility was expressly eliminated in the Copyright Act of 1976. Assignees of rights in a copyrighted work now have standing to directly file suit against infringers.